Elixir Porgamming Language Cheatsheet

Cheatsheet for the Elixir programming language:

1. Basics

1.1. Variables

variable_name = value

1.2. Data Types

• Integer: 42
• Float: 3.14
• Atom: :atom
• String: "Hello"
• List: [1, 2, 3]
• Tuple: {1, "two", :three}

1.3. Pattern Matching

{a, b} = {1, 2}

2. Functions

2.1. Defining Functions

defmodule MyModule do
  def my_function(arg1, arg2) do
    # function body
  end
end

2.2. Anonymous Functions

add = fn a, b -> a + b end
result = add.(2, 3)

2.3. Pattern Matching in Functions

defmodule Math do
  def add(a, b), do: a + b
  def add(0, b), do: b
end

3. Control Flow

3.1. Conditionals

if condition do
  # code
else
  # code
end

3.2. Case Statement

case value do
  pattern1 -> # code
  pattern2 -> # code
  _ -> # default
end

3.3. Cond Statement

cond do
  condition1 -> # code
  condition2 -> # code
  true -> # default
end

4. Modules and Structs

4.1. Modules

defmodule MyModule do
  # code
end

4.2. Structs

defmodule Person do
  defstruct name: "", age: 0
end

person = %Person{name: "John", age: 30}

5. Lists and Enumerables

5.1. Lists

list = [1, 2, 3]

5.2. Enumerables

Enum.each([1, 2, 3], fn x -> IO.puts(x) end)

6. Processes

6.1. Spawning Processes

pid = spawn(fn -> # code end)

6.2. Sending and Receiving Messages

send(pid, {:message, data})
receive do
  {:message, data} -> # code
end

7. Error Handling

7.1. Try, Catch, and Rescue

try do
  # code
catch
  error_type -> # handle error
after
  # code to execute regardless of success or failure
end

8. OTP (Open Telecom Platform)

8.1. GenServer

defmodule MyServer do
  use GenServer

  def start_link(arg) do
    GenServer.start_link(__MODULE__, arg, name: __MODULE__)
  end

  def init(arg) do
    {:ok, arg}
  end

  def handle_call(:some_request, _from, state) do
    {:reply, :response, state}
  end
end

Refer to the official documentation for more in-depth information and examples.