F# Programming Language Cheatsheet

F# is a functional-first programming language developed by Microsoft. Known for its succinct syntax, immutability, and strong support for functional programming paradigms, F# has gained popularity among developers for building scalable and maintainable applications. Whether you are a seasoned F# developer or just starting, having a cheatsheet can be immensely helpful for quick reference. In this blog post, we’ll explore a comprehensive F# cheatsheet to assist you in your day-to-day coding tasks.

1. Hello World in F#

// Hello World in F#
printfn "Hello, World!"

2. Variables and Constants

// Mutable variable
let mutableVar = 10

// Immutable variable
let immutableVar = 20

// Constant
let constantVar = 30

3. Functions

// Function definition
let add x y = x + y

// Function call
let result = add 5 3

4. Pattern Matching

// Pattern matching on values
let checkNumber n =
    match n with
    | 0 -> "Zero"
    | x when x > 0 -> "Positive"
    | _ -> "Negative"

// Pattern matching on types
let printType x =
    match x with
    | :? int as i -> printfn "It's an integer: %d" i
    | :? string as s -> printfn "It's a string: %s" s
    | _ -> printfn "Unknown type"

5. Lists

// List creation
let numbers = [1; 2; 3; 4; 5]

// List operations
let squaredNumbers = List.map (fun x -> x * x) numbers

6. Records and Tuples

// Record type
type Person = { Name: string; Age: int }

// Record instance
let person = { Name = "John"; Age = 30 }

// Tuple
let coordinates = (3.14, 2.71)

7. Option Type

// Option type
let divide a b =
    if b = 0 then None
    else Some (a / b)

// Using option
let result = divide 10 2
match result with
| Some x -> printfn "Result: %d" x
| None -> printfn "Cannot divide by zero"

8. Async Programming

// Asynchronous function
let asyncOperation () =
    async {
        printfn "Start operation"
        do! Async.Sleep(1000)
        printfn "End operation"
    }

// Async workflow
let resultAsync = Async.RunSynchronously (asyncOperation ())

9. Immutable Data Structures

// Immutable list
let immutableList = [1; 2; 3]

// Immutable set
let immutableSet = Set.ofList [1; 2; 3]

// Immutable map
let immutableMap = Map.ofList [("one", 1); ("two", 2)]

10. Units of Measure

// Define units of measure
[<Measure>] type meter
[<Measure>] type second

// Function with units
let speed (distance: float<meter>) (time: float<second>) =
    distance / time

Conclusion

This F# cheat sheet provides a quick reference guide for common syntax and features of the language. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced developer, having this cheatsheet handy can save you time and help you write clean and efficient F# code. For in-dept knowledge refer to official documentation of F sharp